Doctrine of philosophical viewpoints, partial expression of truth or estimate of a reality from a given angle. Related to anekānta-vāda. There are seven different viewpoints listed in the Tattvārtha-sūtra.
The Digambara thinker Kundakunda distinguishes between:
- the conventional view – vyavahāra-naya
- the unconventional or absolute view – niścaya-naya.