- B. N. Goswamy – ‘Mental pilgrimages’
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In this 29th March 2009 article, ‘Mental pilgrimages’, B. N. Goswamy muses on tīrtha paṭas in Spectrum, the Sunday magazine of the Tribune newspaper, based in Chandigarh, India.
- Babur sees Jain images at Gwalior
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In this extract from a translation of his memoirs, the Mughal Emperor Babur describes seeing the huge statues of Jinas carved into the rock at Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.
Google Books provides selections from Babur Namur: Journal of Emperor Babur, published by Penguin in 2006.
This English translation by Dilip Hiro is based on Annette Beveridge’s 1921 translation. A fresh translation by Wheeler Thackston was published in 2002 by the Modern Library.
http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VW2HJL689wgC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA313#v=onepage&q&f=false
- Badami Jain cave temple
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This photograph on Flickr shows the exterior of the Jain cave temple at Badami in Karnataka. It is the only Jain temple of the four caves at the site, and may date back to the eighth century.
- Bāhubali in Badami cave temple
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Figure of the great Jain saint Bāhubali inside the Jain cave at Badami, northern Karnataka. The vines and creepers twining up his legs while he is deep in meditation are clearly visible. He is surrounded by attendants. Images of meditating Jinas are also set into niches in some of the ornately carved pillars within the cave.
- Bāhubali statue details
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Details of the colossus of the great saint Bāhubali at Shravana Belgola shown in this 2009 YouTube video. The serene expression of the naked statue and the plants growing round his body can be clearly seen. The granite figure, showing Bāhubali deep in meditation, has attracted countless pilgrims since its dedication in 981. Most are Digambara Jains, though Bāhubali is revered by all sects.
- Basis for the Classification of Leshya
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HereNow4U provides an extract from Transmutation Of Personality Through Preksha Meditation that discusses the categories of leśyā or soul colour. The extract takes the form of an interview with Ācārya Tulsi, the eighth leader of the Śvetāmbara Terāpanthin sect. Although he uses scripture to explain leśyās, Ācārya Tulsi considers the concept partly in the context of the 'insight meditation' – prekṣā dhyāna – of the Śvetāmbara Terāpanthins, which may also be practised by those who do not follow this sect.
- Bernard Quaritch Ltd Booksellers
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History of the company Bernard Quaritch Ltd, a leading antiquarian book dealer established in 1847. He was reputed to hold the largest catalogue of Oriental books in the West, and handled the sales of books and manuscripts among scholars, collectors, universities and museums.
- Bhaktamar Mahayantra
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A 'great yantra' honouring the Bhaktāmara-stotra on the HereNow4U website. A very popular Jain hymn of praise, the Bhaktāmara-stotra is closely associated with mantras – auspicious syllables – and mystical diagrams – yantras. Reciting the mantras and meditating on the yantras is part of the Bhaktāmara-stotra worship ceremony. Each verse has developed its own mantra and yantra, but there are also yantras designed to be contemplated when chanting the whole hymn.
- Bhaktāmara temple
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The Jinalaya website provides information about the Shri Bhaktamar Bhavya Mandir in Baruch, Gujarat. The temple is dedicated to the first Jina, Ṛṣabha, and the devotional song of the Bhaktāmara-stotra. The temple houses an image of the hymn's composer, Mānatuṅga, and the 44 stanzas of the Śvetāmbara version, as well as figures of the first Jina.
- Bhaktāmara-stotra – Digambara
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YouTube provides a video of the original Sanskrit Bhaktāmara-stotra, accompanied by pictures of Jina figures. The Digambara version of 48 stanzas is sung by the Rajasthani classical singer Rattan Mohan Sharma.
- Bhaktāmara-stotra – Digambara text
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The 48 Sanskrit verses of the Digambara version of the hymn are presented in Nagari and transliteration with English translation below, on a faculty private page on the Colorado State University website. The hymn is considered to be a masterpiece of Sanskrit poetry.
- Bhaktāmara-stotra – illustrated pages
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The University of Michigan Museum of Art holds pages of a Digambara manuscript which Phyllis Granoff of Yale has identified as illustrated pages of a Digambara Bhaktāmara-stotra. Her 2010 article, 'Illustrating the Bhaktāmarastotra', can be seen on the HereNow4U website.
http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?type=bbaglist;view=bbthumbnail;bbdbid=796751910
- Bhaktāmara-stotra – Śvetāmbara recitation
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The original Sanskrit Bhaktāmara-stotra is recited by the Śvetāmbara monk Param Pujya Vijay Bhuwan Shekhar Surishwarji Maharaj. This 2010 YouTube video contains pages of an illustrated publication of the hymn, which is a masterpiece of Sanskrit poetry.
- Bhaktāmara-stotra – Śvetāmbara text
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The HereNow4U website provides the Sanskrit text of the Śvetāmbara hymn in Nagari, English translation and word-to-word translation, accompanied by modern illustrations. There is also a glossary of Sanskrit terms.
To move to another verse, click on one of the arrows above the title or slide the button along the scroll bar.
- Bhaktāmara-stotra ceremony
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A first-hand illustrated report on the Bhaktāmara-pūjā or worship ritual, held in London in 2005, is provided on the HereNow4U website. The report and photographs show some stages of the Digambara ceremony, which is celebrated by the whole community. The Bhaktāmara-stotra is one of the few Jain hymns to be the centre of religious worship.
- Bhaktāmara-stotra with yantras – part four
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This YouTube slideshow features a recording of the Bhaktāmara-stotra, a famous Sanskrit hymn of praise to the first Jina, Ṛṣabha. The title Devoted Gods comes from the first verse, which describes how all the gods offer homage to Ṛṣabha. The slideshow includes colour-tinted yantras and mantras to help listeners meditate.
This is the last of four parts of the 44-verse Śvetāmbara hymn, covering stanzas 39 to 44.
- Bhaktāmara-stotra with yantras – part three
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This YouTube slideshow features a recording of the Bhaktāmara-stotra, a famous Sanskrit hymn of praise to the first Jina, Ṛṣabha. The title Devoted Gods comes from the first verse, which describes how all the gods offer homage to Ṛṣabha. The slideshow includes colour-tinted yantras and mantras to help listeners meditate. The yantras in this part begin with the svastika, ancient Asian symbol of well-being and good fortune.
This is the third of four parts of the 44-verse Śvetāmbara hymn, covering stanzas 26 to 38.
- Bhaktāmara-stotra with yantras – part two
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This YouTube slideshow features a recording of the Bhaktāmara-stotra, a famous Sanskrit hymn of praise to the first Jina, Ṛṣabha. The title Devoted Gods comes from the first verse, which describes how all the gods offer homage to Ṛṣabha. The slideshow includes colour-tinted yantras and mantras to help listeners meditate.
This is the second of four parts of the 44-verse Śvetāmbara hymn, covering stanzas 13 to 25.
- Bhaktāmara-stotra worship ritual
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During the 2006 festival of Paryuṣaṇ, Jains take part in the rite of Bhaktāmara-stotra pūjā in London. This report from the HereNow4U website provides a first-hand account and pictures of the ceremony. The Bhaktāmara-stotra is one of the few Jain hymns to be the focus of ceremonial worship.
- Bhogilal Leherchand Institute of Indology
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The Bhogilal Leherchand Institute of Indology in New Delhi focuses on scholarly research into Śvetāmbara Jainism. With a library of manuscripts for research, it organises academic seminars and publishes scholarly books.
- Bhubaneshvar caves
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This 2010 YouTube video briefly explores presents the Jain caves at Bhubaneshvar, the capital of Orissa state. Found on top of the twin hills known as Udaya-giri and Khanda-giri, the temples house wall reliefs and sculptures.
- Bodleian Library
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The Bodleian Library is part of the University of Oxford, the official university library with various specialist libraries. It boasts extremely extensive collections of books, newspapers, magazines, journals, manuscripts, maps, musical scores, and official and personal papers, both ancient and modern. With large Jain holdings, the Bodleian is a JAINpedia partner.
- Brahmadeva
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The Jain Heritage Centres website provides this photograph of a colourful figure of Brahmadeva or Brahmayakṣa taken in a Digambara temple in Bangalore, Karnataka,. A guardian god who is also the yakṣa – attendant deity – of the tenth Jina, Śītala, Brahmayakṣa is often depicted riding a horse.
https://www.jainheritagecentres.com/jainism-in-india/karnataka/manchenahalli/
- Brass figure of Padmāvatī
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Metal image of Padmāvatī, the popular Jain goddess. Frequently depicted under a canopy of snakehoods, she is associated with wealth and success and is worshipped by both main Jain sects. She is also the attendant goddess – yakṣī – of the 23rd Jina Pārśvanātha or Lord Pārśva. Atop her seven-headed snake canopy sits a small figure of Pārśva, who also has his characteristic snakehood canopy. The University of Michigan Museum of Modern Art in the USA provides a zoomable photograph of the statue and metadata.
http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/musart/x-1977-sl-2.47/1977_2.47.jpg
- Brass statue of Kunthu
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A 15th-century sculpture featuring the 17th Jina Kunthunātha or Lord Kunthu and other holy figures. A zoomable image of the small metal shrine is provided by the Eastern Art Online: Yousef Jameel Centre for Islamic and Asian Art website, a project of the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, UK.
- British Library
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One of the JAINpedia partners, the British Library is the national library of the UK. Based in London, it holds millions of historical and contemporary documents of all kinds, including books, newspapers, magazines, journals, manuscripts, musical scores and political and personal papers and letters. It also has a large collection of sound recordings and illustrations. Its collection of Jain manuscripts is one of the biggest outside India.
- British Library – India Office records and private papers
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The records of the defunct India Office are in the collections of the British Library. The India Office held the official archives of the:
- East India Company (1600–1858)
- Board of Control or Board of Commissioners for the Affairs of India (1784–1858)
- the India Office (1937–1947)
- and the Burma Office (1937–1948).
There is also material from other parts of Asia, the Middle East and parts of Africa, plus personal papers from British India.
http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelpregion/asia/india/indiaofficerecords/indiaofficehub/
- British Museum
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One of the most eminent museums in the world, the British Museum in London has a large collection of pieces from Asia. Asian items formed part of the original 18th-century collection, the seed of the present Asia Department.
- British Museum – history of the Asia Department
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The British Museum, first opened to the public in 1759, contained many artefacts from Asia. The British Museum provides this summary of the history of the Asia Department, which has greatly expanded from the original collection.