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                  Home  » Manuscript Home » Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna - Dharmameru's commentary (Or. 13456) » Stanzas 163 to 164

                  Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna - Dharmameru's commentary (Or. 13456)

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                  Abhidhāna-cintāmaṇi with Nāmasāroddhāra commentary (Or. 13806)

                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa

                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa (069.001)

                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa (575181i)

                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Add. Or. 1812)

                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Add. Or. 1813)

                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Add. Or. 1814)

                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Circ. 91-1970)

                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa (IS 6565)

                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Or. 13294)

                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Or. 13937)

                  Ādityavāra-kathā (Or. 14290)

                  Āvaśyaka-niryukti (Or. 13550)

                  Āvaśyaka-niryukti (Or. 13786)

                  Āvaśyaka-niryukti (Or. 2105 ms. C)

                  Text starts – Ṛṣabha meditating

                  Bhaktāmara-stotra (Or. 13478)

                  Bhaktāmara-stotra (Or. 13741)

                  Br̥haccūrṇivyākhyā (Or. 1386)

                  Caturviṃśati-stava (Or. 13623)

                  Cosmic man (Or. 13974)

                  Ḍholā-Marū and Madhavanala kī copaī (Or. 14687)

                  Fragments of Jain manuscripts (Or. 13950)

                  Jambū-dvīpa-prajnapti-sūtra (MS. Ind. Inst. Sansk. 109)

                  Jasahara-cariu (Beta 1471)

                  Jina images (Add. 26519)

                  Jīta-kalpa-sūtra (Or. 1385)

                  Jnātadharma-kathā (Prakrit d. 4)

                  Kālakācārya-kathā (Beta 365)

                  Kālakācārya-kathā (Or. 13475)

                  Kalpa-sūtra (Gamma 453)

                  Śakra’s thoughts

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IM 06-1931)

                  Text

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IM 07-1931)

                  Birth of Mahāvīra

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IM 08-1931)

                  Text

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IM 09-1931)

                  Nemi decides not to marry

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IM 10-1931)

                  Mahāvīra plucks out his hair

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IM 11-1931)

                  A Jina’s omniscience and preaching

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IM 12-1931)

                  Text

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IM 161-1914)

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IS 46-1959)

                  Text

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IS 83-1963)

                  Section on Mahāvīra

                  Kalpa-sūtra (IS 84-1963)

                  Auto Draft

                  Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 11921)

                  Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 12744)

                  Section on Mahāvīra

                  Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 13341)

                  Section on Mahāvīra

                  Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 13342)

                  First page – floral decoration

                  Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 13700)

                  Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 13959)

                  Auto Draft

                  Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 14262)

                  Auto Draft

                  Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 5149)

                  Auto Draft

                  Kalpa-sūtra and Kālakācārya-kathā (I.O. San. 3177)

                  Auto Draft

                  Kalpa-sūtra and Kālakācārya-kathā (Tod MS 34)

                  Blank first page of Kalpa-sūtra

                  Kalpa-sūtra with Gujarati commentary (Or. 13701)

                  Auto Draft

                  Kalpa-sūtra with Sanskrit commentary (Gamma 3)

                  First page with library stamps

                  Kalpa-sūtra with Sanskrit glosses (Or. 13455)

                  Auto Draft

                  Karma-kāṇḍa with Persian commentary (MS. Wilson 262)

                  Laghu-kṣetra-samāsa with Gujarāti commentary (Add. 26374)

                  Homage to Sarasvatī

                  Līlāvatī (Or. 13457)

                  Last page – colophon

                  Mahāniśītha-sūtra (Prakrit d. 18)

                  Auto Draft

                  Mandala with 24 Jinas (Or. 13472)

                  Manuscript cover of the 14 dreams

                  Manuscript cover (IS 20-1978)

                  Fourteen auspicious dreams

                  Manuscript cover (IS 50-1983)

                  Head of a man surrounded by text

                  Medicine and karma (Beta 1469)

                  Auto Draft

                  Personification of a planet (Circ. 325-1972)

                  Personification of a planet

                  Personification of a planet (Circ. 326-1972)

                  Auto Draft

                  Praśnottara or Dharma-ratnākara (Or. 2136 ms. B)

                  Sanskrit hymn in 25 stanzas

                  Ratnākara-panca-viṃśatikā (Or. 15633/197)

                  Blank first page of Śālibhadra-caupaī

                  Śālibhadra-caupaī (Or. 13524)

                  Auto Draft

                  Saṃgrahaṇī and Karma-granthas (Or. 2137 ms. B)

                  Blank page – British Library stamp

                  Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna - Dharmameru's commentary (Or. 13456)

                  Seven armies of the Bhavanavāsin king

                  Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna (IS 2-1984)

                  Opening page – floral decoration

                  Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna (Or. 13454)

                  Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna or Trailokyadīpikā (IS 35-1971)

                  Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna with Gujarati commentary (Or. 2116 ms. C)

                  Palm of the hand

                  Sāmudrika-śāstra (Add. 26,461)

                  First page with peacocks

                  Ṣaṣṭiśataka with Sanskrit commentary (Or. 13179)

                  Seven Chakras of the Subtle Body

                  Seven Chakras of the Subtle Body (Circ. 321-1972)

                  Siddhāntālāpaka (Or. 2137 ms. A)

                  Snakes and ladders

                  Snakes and ladders (Circ. 324-1972)

                  Śrāddhavidhi-viniścaya (Or. 2120 ms. B)

                  Modern page – shelfmark and provenance

                  Śrīpāla-kathā (Or. 2126 ms. A)

                  Auto Draft

                  Śrīpāla-rāsa and Gujarati commentary (Or. 13622)

                  Sūri-mantra-paṭa (065.001)

                  Tattva-bodha-prakaraṇa (Or. 2112 ms. B)

                  Paper manuscript cover

                  Triṣaṣṭi-śalākā-puruṣa-caritra (Beta 1689)

                  A universal gathering and monastic discipline

                  Uttarādhyayana-sūtra (IS 2-1972)

                  Auto Draft

                  Uttarādhyayana-sūtra (Or. 13362)

                  Indrabhūti Gautama

                  Uttarādhyayana-sūtra (Or. 13476)

                  Final colophon

                  Uttarādhyayana-sūtra (Prakrit c.1)

                  Victory banner

                  Victory banner (IM 89-1936)

                  Vijñapti-patra (Or. 16192)

                  Title page

                  Vītarāga-stotra with commentary (MS. Sansk. d. 317)

                  Viveka-vilāsa (Or. 2136 ms. A)

                  Auto Draft

                  Yati-pratikramaṇa with commentary (MS. Sansk. d. 310)

                  Next
                  # 1 of 184

                  Blank page – British Library stamp

                  # 2 of 184

                  Chart of topics in stanzas 1 to 2

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                  Stanzas 4 to 7

                  # 4 of 184

                  Lifespans of Vaimānika gods

                  # 5 of 184

                  Stanzas 11 to 14

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                  Stanzas 15 to 18 – section 1 ends

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                  Lifespans in the heavens

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                  Stanzas 19 to 22

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                  Stanzas 23 to 25

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                  Bhavanavāsin gods

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                  Bhavanavāsin gods and emblems

                  # 12 of 184

                  Stanzas 27 to 31

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                  Infernal tortures

                  # 14 of 184

                  Hell tortures shown

                  # 15 of 184

                  Stanzas 31 to 34 – palace of the Vyantara gods

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                  Vyantara gods and tree emblems

                  # 17 of 184

                  Information on Vyantara gods

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                  Stanzas 39 to 40 – Vyantara gods

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                  Stanza 41

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                  Stanzas 42 to 44 – Vyantara gods

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                  Stanzas 45 to 48

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                  Animal symbols of heavenly armies and planetary chart

                  # 23 of 184

                  Palace of the Jyotiṣka gods

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                  Stanzas 52 to 53

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                  Stanzas 54 to 55 – Jyotiṣka gods

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                  Stanzas 56 to 58

                  # 27 of 184

                  Chart of names of the planets

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                  Chariots of the moon and of Rāhu

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                  Stanzas 63 to 65

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                  Distances between suns and moons

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                  Stanzas 69 to 70

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                  Stanzas 71 to 73

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                  Dimensions of the first nine continents and oceans

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                  Aḍhāī-dvīpa – Two and A Half Continents

                  # 35 of 184

                  Stanza 76 – the tides

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                  Stanzas 77 to 79

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                  Stanzas 80 to 83

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                  Stanzas 83 to 86

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                  Two and A Half Continents and numerical information

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                  Stanzas 87 to 89

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                  Stanzas 90 to 92

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                  Stanzas 93 to 95

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                  Numbers of suns and moons

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                  Stanzas 96 to 98

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                  Stanzas 99 to 101

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                  Stanzas 102 to 103

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                  Stanzas 104 to 105

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                  Shapes and distribution of heavenly palaces

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                  Numbers of palaces in the continents

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                  Stanzas 111 to 113

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                  Number of palaces in the heavenly levels

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                  Stanzas 116 to 117

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                  More about palaces and heavens

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                  Stanzas 120 to 123

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                  Summary of palaces and heavens

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                  Eight black fields – Kr̥ṣṇarāji

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                  Stanza 123 ends

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                  Stanzas 124 to 125 – divisions of the heavens

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                  Stanzas 126 to 129

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                  Stanzas 130 to 133

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                  Stanzas 133 to 134

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                  Animal emblems of the 12 heavens

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                  Kings of all the heavens

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                  Stanzas 137 to 138

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                  Stanzas 139 to 141

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                  Stanzas 141 to 142

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                  Stanzas 143 to 144

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                  Stanzas 145 to 147

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                  Stanzas 147 to 150

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                  Stanzas 150 to 151

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                  Moons, suns and palaces in the heavens

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                  Stanzas 153 to 155

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                  Stanzas 156 to 158

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                  Stanzas 159 to 161

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                  End of section 2

                  # 76 of 184

                  Stanzas 163 to 164

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                  Stanza 165

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                  Stanzas 166 to 167

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                  Stanzas 168 to 169 – section 3 ends

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                  Stanzas 170 to 172

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                  Stanzas 172 to 173

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                  Stanzas 174 to 175 – gods’ destinies

                  # 83 of 184

                  Stanzas 176 to 179

                  # 84 of 184

                  Varieties of ‘stupid’ deaths

                  # 85 of 184

                  Stanzas 179 to 181

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                  Stanzas 182 to 183

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                  Stanzas 184 to 186

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                  Types of physical constitutions

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                  Stanzas 188 to 190

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                  Stanzas 190 to 193

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                  Stanzas 193 to 195

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                  Stanzas 195 to 197

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                  Stanzas 198 to 199

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                  Stanzas 200 to 203

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                  Stanzas 203 to 206

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                  Stanzas 206 to 209

                  # 97 of 184

                  Six colours of the soul

                  # 98 of 184

                  Stanzas 212 to 214

                  # 99 of 184

                  Parable of the tree – six colours of the soul

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                  Stanzas 214 to 217

                  # 101 of 184

                  Gods and colours of the soul

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                  Stanzas 219 to 221

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                  Stanzas 222 to 224

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                  Stanzas 225 to 227

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                  Stanzas 228 to 230

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                  Gods’ lives of pleasure

                  # 107 of 184

                  Stanzas 231 to 234

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                  Stanzas 234 to 236

                  # 109 of 184

                  Stanzas 236 to 239

                  # 110 of 184

                  Cosmic man

                  # 111 of 184

                  Stanzas 239 to 242

                  # 112 of 184

                  Shapes of Bhavanapati gods’ clairvoyance

                  # 113 of 184

                  Stanzas 243 to 245

                  # 114 of 184

                  Number of levels in the seven hells

                  # 115 of 184

                  Stanzas 246 to 248

                  # 116 of 184

                  Minimum and maximum lifespans in the seven hells

                  # 117 of 184

                  Stanzas 250 to 253

                  # 118 of 184

                  Stanzas 253 to 254 – thicknesses of hellish air

                  # 119 of 184

                  Shapes and dimensions of the seven hells

                  # 120 of 184

                  Stanzas 255 to 257

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                  Stanzas 257 to 260

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                  Stanzas 261 to 263

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                  Homes in the seven hells

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                  Dimensions of the seven hells

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                  Stanzas 267 to 271

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                  Stanzas 271 to 274

                  # 127 of 184

                  Stanzas 274 to 277

                  # 128 of 184

                  Hellish palaces and houses

                  # 129 of 184

                  Stanzas 279 to 282

                  # 130 of 184

                  Summary chart of the Lower World

                  # 131 of 184

                  Stanzas 284 to 286

                  # 132 of 184

                  Stanzas 286 to 289

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                  Summary chart of hell dwellings

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                  Stanzas 289 to 292

                  # 135 of 184

                  Stanzas 292 to 295

                  # 136 of 184

                  Stanzas 295 to 297 – intervals between hells

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                  Section on hell dwellings ends

                  # 138 of 184

                  Stanzas 299 to 301

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                  Stanzas 302 to 304

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                  Size of beings in the seven hells

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                  Stanzas 305 to 306

                  # 142 of 184

                  Clan names in the hells

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                  Stanzas 309 to 312

                  # 144 of 184

                  Hells and colours of the soul

                  # 145 of 184

                  More about hellish beings

                  # 146 of 184

                  Stanzas 316 to 317 – section 4 ends

                  # 147 of 184

                  Human sizes and lifespans by birth

                  # 148 of 184

                  Stanzas 320 to 322

                  # 149 of 184

                  Universal Emperor and 14 jewels

                  # 150 of 184

                  Details of the 14 jewels

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                  Seven jewels of a Vāsu-deva

                  # 152 of 184

                  Sex and mode of life affects liberation

                  # 153 of 184

                  Stanzas 328 to 330

                  # 154 of 184

                  Stanzas 331 to 333

                  # 155 of 184

                  Destiny affects time to liberation

                  # 156 of 184

                  Stanzas 334 to 335

                  # 157 of 184

                  Stanzas 336 to 338

                  # 158 of 184

                  Stanzas 339 to 340 – section 5 ends

                  # 159 of 184

                  Lifespans of sense-beings

                  # 160 of 184

                  Lifespans of five-sensed animals

                  # 161 of 184

                  Stanzas 345 to 347

                  # 162 of 184

                  Stanzas 348 to 350

                  # 163 of 184

                  Stanzas 351 to 353

                  # 164 of 184

                  Types of body and size

                  # 165 of 184

                  Lines 37 to 73 – numbers of living beings – part 2

                  # 166 of 184

                  Lines 1 to 36 – numbers of living beings – part 1

                  # 167 of 184

                  Lines 74 to 96 – numbers of living beings – part 3

                  # 168 of 184

                  Stanzas 357 to 359

                  # 169 of 184

                  Stanzas 359 to 361

                  # 170 of 184

                  Stanzas 362 to 365

                  # 171 of 184

                  Stanzas 365 to 367

                  # 172 of 184

                  Stanzas 368 to 370

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                  Stanzas 370 to 371

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                  Stanzas 372 to 376

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                  Stanzas 376 to 379

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                  Stanzas 379 to 381

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                  Stanzas 381 to 384

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                  Stanzas 384 to 387

                  # 179 of 184

                  Stanzas 387 to 390

                  # 180 of 184

                  Stanzas 391 to 393

                  # 181 of 184

                  Stanzas 393 to 396

                  # 182 of 184

                  Stanzas 396 to 398

                  # 183 of 184

                  Text ends – colophon

                  # 184 of 184

                  Last page

                  Background

                  The Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna belongs to the tradition of Śvetāmbara writings on the Jain universe. The monk Śrīcandra wrote Prakrit verses in the 12th century consolidating previous writings on cosmology. It is called Jewel of Summarised Verses, a phrase which underlines the condensed nature of the work.

                  Though Saṃgrahaṇī works describe the universe, they are mainly concerned with the beings who live in different parts of the Jain world. They go into detail about their life-duration, karma and spiritual progress much more than the geography.

                  Cosmological writings have generated numerous commentaries in Sanskrit or the vernacular languages. Teaching and learning cosmology remain an important part of monastic education. A rich pictorial tradition has also grown up round the Saṃgrahaṇī works, as visualisation is part of the transmission of knowledge on the Jain universe and is helpful as a means of understanding.

                  Jain cosmology is complex. Human beings live in the Middle World, which is the smallest of the three worlds that make up world space – loka-ākāśa. In world space all the souls live in the different body-forms they take according to their rebirths, in the various worlds. Outside world space is the non‑world space – aloka-ākāśa – which is endless. However, the Middle World is the most important area from the spiritual point of view because it is the only part where human beings can live.

                  Jains cannot advance spiritually without understanding and meditating upon cosmological theories so understanding them is crucial. Certain key religious concepts run through these theories. These include the notion of a physical soul shedding karma by moving through the cycle of rebirth to eventual omniscience and liberation, along with the cyclical nature of time, the interconnectedness of the universe, and the importance of symmetry, repetition and balance.

                  Glossary

                    • Source:

                      The British Library Board

                    • Shelfmark:

                      Or. 13456

                    • Author:

                      Śrīcandra and Dharmameru

                    • Date of creation:

                      1812

                    • Folio number:

                    • Total number of folios:

                      92

                    • Place of creation:

                      Sojhata, Rajasthan

                    • Language:

                      Prākrit and Gujarati

                    • Medium:

                      paper

                    • Size:

                      28.5 x 13.5 cms

                    • Copyright:

                      CC0 1.0 (Creative Commons Public Domain)

                    • Image Copyright:

                      Creative Commons Public Domain

                    Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna - Dharmameru's commentary (Or. 13456)

                    Stanzas 163 to 164

                    • Source:

                      The British Library Board

                    • Shelfmark:

                      Or. 13456

                    • Author:

                      Śrīcandra and Dharmameru

                    • Date of creation:

                      1812

                    • Folio number:

                    • Total number of folios:

                      92

                    • Place of creation:

                      Sojhata, Rajasthan

                    • Language:

                      Prākrit and Gujarati

                    • Medium:

                      paper

                    • Size:

                      28.5 x 13.5 cms

                    • Copyright:

                      CC0 1.0 (Creative Commons Public Domain)

                    • Image Copyright:

                      Creative Commons Public Domain

                    Please consider the environment before printing
                    Please consider the environment before printing
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                      • dDharmastikaya
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                      • dDuṣamā-duṣamā
                      • dDuṣamā-suṣamā
                      • dDveṣa
                      • dDvīpa
                      • eEast India Company
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                      • nniggaṃthāṇa vā 2
                      • nniggaṃtho vā 2
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                      • oOcean of milk
                      • oOmniscience
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                      • ppa°
                      • pPadmaprabha
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                      • qQur’an
                      • rRāga
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                      • sSaciyā Mātā
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                      • tTabla
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                      • vVāhana
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                      • vVegetarianism
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                      • vVizier
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                      Related Article
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                      Related Manuscripts
                      Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Add. Or. 1813)

                      The British Library Board Add. Or. 1813 unknown 19th century

                      Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna or Trailokyadīpikā (IS 35-1971)

                      Victoria and Albert Museum IS. 35-1971 Śrīcandra 18th century

                      Saṃgrahaṇī and Karma-granthas (Or. 2137 ms. B)

                      The British Library Board Or. 2137 ms. B Śrīcandra unknown

                      Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna with Gujarati commentary (Or. 2116 ms. C)

                      The British Library Board Or. 2116 ms. C Śrīcandra perhaps 16th century

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