Skip to content
  • Learn Jainism
  • JAINpedia
  • Blog
JainpediaJainpedia
  • Menu
  • Home
  • Themes
  • Manuscripts
  • Gallery
  • Timeline
  • e-Library
  • Resources
  • About
  • Support Us
Home  » Manuscript Home » Ḍholā-Marū and Madhavanala kī copaī (Or. 14687) » Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

Ḍholā-Marū and Madhavanala kī copaī (Or. 14687)

Previous
Browse All Manuscripts

Abhidhāna-cintāmaṇi with Nāmasāroddhāra commentary (Or. 13806)

Aḍhāī-dvīpa

Aḍhāī-dvīpa (069.001)

Aḍhāī-dvīpa (575181i)

Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Add. Or. 1812)

Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Add. Or. 1813)

Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Add. Or. 1814)

Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Circ. 91-1970)

Aḍhāī-dvīpa (IS 6565)

Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Or. 13294)

Aḍhāī-dvīpa (Or. 13937)

Ādityavāra-kathā (Or. 14290)

Āvaśyaka-niryukti (Or. 13550)

Āvaśyaka-niryukti (Or. 13786)

Āvaśyaka-niryukti (Or. 2105 ms. C)

Text starts – Ṛṣabha meditating

Bhaktāmara-stotra (Or. 13478)

Bhaktāmara-stotra (Or. 13741)

Br̥haccūrṇivyākhyā (Or. 1386)

Caturviṃśati-stava (Or. 13623)

Cosmic man (Or. 13974)

Ḍholā-Marū and Madhavanala kī copaī (Or. 14687)

Fragments of Jain manuscripts (Or. 13950)

Jambū-dvīpa-prajnapti-sūtra (MS. Ind. Inst. Sansk. 109)

Jasahara-cariu (Beta 1471)

Jina images (Add. 26519)

Jīta-kalpa-sūtra (Or. 1385)

Jnātadharma-kathā (Prakrit d. 4)

Kālakācārya-kathā (Beta 365)

Kālakācārya-kathā (Or. 13475)

Kalpa-sūtra (Gamma 453)

Śakra’s thoughts

Kalpa-sūtra (IM 06-1931)

Text

Kalpa-sūtra (IM 07-1931)

Birth of Mahāvīra

Kalpa-sūtra (IM 08-1931)

Text

Kalpa-sūtra (IM 09-1931)

Nemi decides not to marry

Kalpa-sūtra (IM 10-1931)

Mahāvīra plucks out his hair

Kalpa-sūtra (IM 11-1931)

A Jina’s omniscience and preaching

Kalpa-sūtra (IM 12-1931)

Text

Kalpa-sūtra (IM 161-1914)

Kalpa-sūtra (IS 46-1959)

Text

Kalpa-sūtra (IS 83-1963)

Section on Mahāvīra

Kalpa-sūtra (IS 84-1963)

Auto Draft

Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 11921)

Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 12744)

Section on Mahāvīra

Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 13341)

Section on Mahāvīra

Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 13342)

First page – floral decoration

Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 13700)

Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 13959)

Auto Draft

Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 14262)

Auto Draft

Kalpa-sūtra (Or. 5149)

Auto Draft

Kalpa-sūtra and Kālakācārya-kathā (I.O. San. 3177)

Auto Draft

Kalpa-sūtra and Kālakācārya-kathā (Tod MS 34)

Blank first page of Kalpa-sūtra

Kalpa-sūtra with Gujarati commentary (Or. 13701)

Auto Draft

Kalpa-sūtra with Sanskrit commentary (Gamma 3)

First page with library stamps

Kalpa-sūtra with Sanskrit glosses (Or. 13455)

Auto Draft

Karma-kāṇḍa with Persian commentary (MS. Wilson 262)

Laghu-kṣetra-samāsa with Gujarāti commentary (Add. 26374)

Homage to Sarasvatī

Līlāvatī (Or. 13457)

Last page – colophon

Mahāniśītha-sūtra (Prakrit d. 18)

Auto Draft

Mandala with 24 Jinas (Or. 13472)

Manuscript cover of the 14 dreams

Manuscript cover (IS 20-1978)

Fourteen auspicious dreams

Manuscript cover (IS 50-1983)

Head of a man surrounded by text

Medicine and karma (Beta 1469)

Auto Draft

Personification of a planet (Circ. 325-1972)

Personification of a planet

Personification of a planet (Circ. 326-1972)

Auto Draft

Praśnottara or Dharma-ratnākara (Or. 2136 ms. B)

Sanskrit hymn in 25 stanzas

Ratnākara-panca-viṃśatikā (Or. 15633/197)

Blank first page of Śālibhadra-caupaī

Śālibhadra-caupaī (Or. 13524)

Auto Draft

Saṃgrahaṇī and Karma-granthas (Or. 2137 ms. B)

Blank page – British Library stamp

Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna - Dharmameru's commentary (Or. 13456)

Seven armies of the Bhavanavāsin king

Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna (IS 2-1984)

Opening page – floral decoration

Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna (Or. 13454)

Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna or Trailokyadīpikā (IS 35-1971)

Saṃgrahaṇī-ratna with Gujarati commentary (Or. 2116 ms. C)

Palm of the hand

Sāmudrika-śāstra (Add. 26,461)

First page with peacocks

Ṣaṣṭiśataka with Sanskrit commentary (Or. 13179)

Seven Chakras of the Subtle Body

Seven Chakras of the Subtle Body (Circ. 321-1972)

Siddhāntālāpaka (Or. 2137 ms. A)

Snakes and ladders

Snakes and ladders (Circ. 324-1972)

Śrāddhavidhi-viniścaya (Or. 2120 ms. B)

Modern page – shelfmark and provenance

Śrīpāla-kathā (Or. 2126 ms. A)

Auto Draft

Śrīpāla-rāsa and Gujarati commentary (Or. 13622)

Sūri-mantra-paṭa (065.001)

Tattva-bodha-prakaraṇa (Or. 2112 ms. B)

Paper manuscript cover

Triṣaṣṭi-śalākā-puruṣa-caritra (Beta 1689)

A universal gathering and monastic discipline

Uttarādhyayana-sūtra (IS 2-1972)

Auto Draft

Uttarādhyayana-sūtra (Or. 13362)

Indrabhūti Gautama

Uttarādhyayana-sūtra (Or. 13476)

Final colophon

Uttarādhyayana-sūtra (Prakrit c.1)

Victory banner

Victory banner (IM 89-1936)

Vijñapti-patra (Or. 16192)

Title page

Vītarāga-stotra with commentary (MS. Sansk. d. 317)

Viveka-vilāsa (Or. 2136 ms. A)

Auto Draft

Yati-pratikramaṇa with commentary (MS. Sansk. d. 310)

Next
# 1 of 234

Blank first page of Ḍhola-Māru

# 2 of 234

Homage to Gaṇeśa

# 3 of 234

King Pingala’s court

# 4 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 5 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 6 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 7 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 8 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 9 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 10 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 11 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 12 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 13 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 14 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 15 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 16 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 17 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 18 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 19 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 20 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 21 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 22 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 23 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 24 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 25 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 26 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 27 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 28 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 29 of 234

Marū’s birth

# 30 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 31 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 32 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 33 of 234

Dholā’s birth

# 34 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 35 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 36 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 37 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 38 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 39 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 40 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 41 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 42 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 43 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 44 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 45 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 46 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 47 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 48 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 49 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 50 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 51 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 52 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 53 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 54 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 55 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 56 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 57 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 58 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 59 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 60 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 61 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 62 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 63 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 64 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 65 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 66 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 67 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 68 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 69 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 70 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 71 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 72 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 73 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 74 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 75 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 76 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 77 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 78 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 79 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 80 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 81 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 82 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 83 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 84 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 85 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 86 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 87 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 88 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 89 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 90 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 91 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 92 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 93 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 94 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 95 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 96 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 97 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 98 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 99 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 100 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 101 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 102 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 103 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 104 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 105 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 106 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 107 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 108 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 109 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 110 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 111 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 112 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 113 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 114 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 115 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 116 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 117 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 118 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 119 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 120 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 121 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 122 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 123 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 124 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 125 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 126 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 127 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 128 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 129 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 130 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 131 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 132 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 133 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 134 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 135 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 136 of 234

Umar instructs his soldiers

# 137 of 234

Ḍhola and Māru flee on a camel

# 138 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 139 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 140 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 141 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 142 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 143 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 144 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 145 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 146 of 234

Ḍholā-Marū story

# 147 of 234

Dholā-Marū story ends

# 148 of 234

Goddess Sarasvatī

# 149 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 150 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 151 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 152 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 153 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 154 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 155 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 156 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 157 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 158 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 159 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 160 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 161 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 162 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 163 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā storyMādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 164 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 165 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 166 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 167 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 168 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 169 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 170 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 171 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 172 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 173 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 174 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 175 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 176 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 177 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 178 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 179 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 180 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 181 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 182 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 183 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 184 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 185 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 186 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 187 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 188 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 189 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 190 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 191 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 192 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 193 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 194 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 195 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 196 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 197 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 198 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 199 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 200 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 201 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 202 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 203 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 204 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 205 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 206 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 207 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 208 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 209 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 210 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 211 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 212 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 213 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 214 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 215 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 216 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 217 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 218 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 219 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 220 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 221 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 222 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 223 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 224 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 225 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 226 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 227 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 228 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 229 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 230 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 231 of 234

Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

# 232 of 234

Blank penultimate page of Madhavanala kī copaī

# 233 of 234

Blank final page of Madhavanala kī copaī

# 234 of 234

Happy ending

Background

The love story of Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā is full of events and has a rather intricate plot involving many characters. It is not distinctly Jain in character. Rather, it belongs to the folk literature heritage of western India and is known in many different versions.

Jain monks, who are fond of all types of stories, have copied the tale many times and are therefore partly responsible for spreading it around India. It is a story with a rich pictorial tradition. This manuscript is noteworthy for the number of paintings it includes and for their vivid style.

The author of this version is the Śvetāmbara Mūrtipujak monk Kuśalalābha Upādhyāya, who wrote it in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, in 1560 CE (1617 VS). He was affiliated to the Kharatara-gaccha, one of the most numerous monastic orders in Rajasthan.

Glossary

    • Source:

      The British Library Board

    • Shelfmark:

      Or. 14687

    • Author:

      Kuśalalābha Upādhyāya

    • Date of creation:

      composed in 1560, this copy created in perhaps 18th to 19th centuries

    • Folio number:

      91 recto

    • Total number of folios:

      117

    • Place of creation:

      western India

    • Language:

      Rajasthani / Gujarati in Devanāgarī script

    • Medium:

      opaque watercolour on paper

    • Size:

      20 x 14.5 cms

    • Copyright:

      CC0 1.0 (Creative Commons Public Domain)

    • Image Copyright:

      Creative Commons Public Domain

    Ḍholā-Marū and Madhavanala kī copaī (Or. 14687)

    Mādhavānala and Kāmakandalā story

    • Source:

      The British Library Board

    • Shelfmark:

      Or. 14687

    • Author:

      Kuśalalābha Upādhyāya

    • Date of creation:

      composed in 1560, this copy created in perhaps 18th to 19th centuries

    • Folio number:

      91 recto

    • Total number of folios:

      117

    • Place of creation:

      western India

    • Language:

      Rajasthani / Gujarati in Devanāgarī script

    • Medium:

      opaque watercolour on paper

    • Size:

      20 x 14.5 cms

    • Copyright:

      CC0 1.0 (Creative Commons Public Domain)

    • Image Copyright:

      Creative Commons Public Domain

    Please consider the environment before printing
    Please consider the environment before printing
    Download Image
      BackgroundGlossary
      • +
      • aAbhavya
      • aAbhinandana
      • aAbhiṣeka
      • aĀcāra
      • aĀcārāṅga-sūtra
      • aĀcārya
      • aAchalbhrata
      • aAḍhāī-dvīpa
      • aAdharma
      • aAdho-loka
      • aAdhyayana
      • aAdvaita Vedānta
      • aĀgama
      • aAghātīya
      • aAghātīya-karman
      • aAgnibhuti
      • aAgra
      • aĀhāra
      • aAhiṃsā
      • aAhimsa Day
      • aAjita
      • aAjīva
      • aAkampit
      • aĀkāśa
      • aAkbar the Great
      • aAkṣaya-tṛtīyā
      • aAlauddin Khalji
      • aAlbert Einstein
      • aAllah
      • aAlms
      • aĀlocanā
      • aAloka-ākāśa
      • aAmāri
      • aAmbikā or Kūṣmāṇḍinī
      • aAnagāra
      • aAnanta
      • aAnarthadaṇḍa
      • aAnaśana
      • aAnekānta-vāda
      • aAṅga
      • aAniconism
      • aAnojjā
      • aAntarāla
      • aAntarāya-karma
      • aAṇu
      • aAṇu-vrata
      • aAnukampā
      • aAnuprekṣā
      • aAnusvāra
      • aApabhraṃśa
      • aAparigraha
      • aAra
      • aĀrambha
      • aĀrambhaja
      • aĀratī
      • aArdhamāgadhī Prākrit
      • aArhaṃ
      • aArhat
      • aArśana-āvaraṇīya-karma
      • aĀrta-dhyāna
      • aĀryikā
      • aĀryikā Jñānamati
      • aĀśātanā
      • aĀścarya
      • aAscetic
      • aAsceticism
      • aAshram
      • aAspiration
      • aĀsrava
      • aAṣṭa-maṅgala
      • aAṣṭāpada
      • aAstikāya
      • aAstrolabe
      • aAsura
      • aAtheism
      • aAticāra
      • aAtiśayakṣetra
      • aAtithisaṃvibhāgavrata
      • aĀtma-vāda
      • aĀtman
      • aAuṃ
      • aAurangzeb
      • aAuspicious
      • aAusterity
      • aAvadhāna
      • aAvadhi-jñāna
      • aĀvaraṇī-yakarman
      • aAvasarpiṇī
      • aAvatāra
      • aAvidyā
      • aAxiom
      • aĀyāga-paṭa
      • aĀyambil
      • aĀyu-karma
      • aĀyurveda
      • bBabur
      • bBāhubali
      • bBaladeva
      • bBālāvabodha
      • bBandha
      • bBasadi
      • bBazaar
      • bBhadrankarvijay
      • bBhagavant
      • bBhaktāmara-stotra
      • bBhakti
      • bBhale
      • bBharata
      • bBhāṣā
      • bBhāṣya
      • bBhaṭṭāraka
      • bBhāva
      • bBhāva-pūjā
      • bBhāvanā
      • bBhavana-vāsin
      • bBhavya
      • bBhavyatva
      • bBhaya
      • bBhoga-bhūmi
      • bBhogopabhoga
      • bBodhi
      • bBollywood
      • bBrahmā
      • bBrahma-deva
      • bBrahmacārī
      • bBrāhmaṇa
      • bBraj Bhāṣā
      • bBright fortnight
      • bBritish Raj
      • bBuddha
      • bBuddhi-sagar
      • bBuddhism
      • bBuddhist
      • cCaitya
      • cCaityavāsin
      • cCakravartin
      • cCakreśvarī
      • cCāmara
      • cCandanā
      • cCandragupta
      • cCandraprabha
      • cCanon
      • cCāritra
      • cCāritramohanīya-karman
      • cCarũrī
      • cCaste
      • cCaturvidha-saṅgha
      • cCaturviṃśati-stava
      • cCāturyāma
      • cCE
      • cCelibacy
      • cCha
      • cChadmastha
      • cChastity
      • cCheda-sūtra
      • cChristian
      • cChristianity
      • cClergy
      • cCloning
      • cColophon
      • cCommentary
      • cConch
      • cConfession
      • cCongregation
      • cConsecration
      • cCosmology
      • cCremation
      • cCrore
      • cCult
      • cCūrṇi
      • dDādā-guru
      • dDalit
      • dDāna
      • dDaṇḍa
      • dDark fortnight
      • dDarśana
      • dDarśanamohanī-yakarman
      • dDaśa-lakṣaṇa-parvan
      • dDeity
      • dDelhi Sultanate
      • dDerāsar
      • dDeśāvakāśika-vrata
      • dDetachment
      • dDevanāgarī
      • dDevānandā
      • dDevarddhi-gani
      • dDevotee
      • dDhamal
      • dDhanuṣ
      • dDhāra
      • dDharma
      • dDharma-dhyāna
      • dDharma-sāgara
      • dDharmastikaya
      • dDhātakīkhaṇḍa
      • dDholak
      • dDhyāna
      • dDiaspora
      • dDig-vrata
      • dDigambara
      • dDīkṣā
      • dDisciple
      • dDīvālī
      • dDivya-dhvani
      • dDNA
      • dDoctrine
      • dDogma
      • dDonor
      • dDoṣa
      • dDravya
      • dDravya-pūjā
      • dDrone
      • dDuṣamā
      • dDuṣamā-duṣamā
      • dDuṣamā-suṣamā
      • dDveṣa
      • dDvīpa
      • eEast India Company
      • eEightfold Path
      • eEkānta-vāda
      • eEkendriya
      • eElder
      • eElders
      • eEschatology
      • eEtc up to
      • fFarmān
      • fFast
      • fFatehpur Sikri
      • fFestival
      • fFestschrift
      • fFiruz Shah
      • fFly-Whisks
      • fFolio
      • fFour Noble Truths
      • gGaccha
      • gGaṇa
      • gGaṇadhara
      • gGanadharavada
      • gGaṇeśa
      • gGaṇin
      • gGarba
      • gGarbha
      • gGarbha-gṛha
      • gGaruḍa
      • gGati
      • gGene
      • gGenomics
      • gGhātī-yakarman
      • gGhātīya
      • gGhaznavid
      • gGhiyasuddin Tughlaq
      • gGhurid
      • gGloss
      • gGotra-karma
      • gGujarāt
      • gGujarati
      • gGuṇa
      • gGuṇa-sthāna
      • gGuṇa-vrata
      • gGupti
      • gGuru
      • gGuruṇī
      • hHagiography
      • hHajj
      • hHaṃsa
      • hHaribhadra
      • hHariṇaigameṣin
      • hHasta
      • hHeresy
      • hHiṃsā
      • hHindi
      • hHindu
      • hHinduism
      • hHīravijaya
      • hHoroscope
      • hHrīṃ
      • hHumayun
      • hHymn
      • iIconoclasm
      • iIconography
      • iIdol
      • iIndian Independence
      • iIndology
      • iIndra
      • iIndrabhūti Gautama
      • iIndriya
      • iInitiation
      • iIntercession
      • iInvocation
      • iIQ
      • iIslam
      • iIslamicate
      • iIṣṭadevatā
      • iĪśvara
      • jJagat
      • jJahangir
      • jJain
      • jJaina Devanāgarī
      • jJaina Śaurasenī
      • jJaina-dharma
      • jJainaśāsana
      • jJainness
      • jJaisalmer
      • jJamāli
      • jJambū-dvīpa
      • jJames Burgess
      • jJanma
      • jJanma-kalyāṇa
      • jJarā
      • jJāti
      • jJina
      • jJina-āgama
      • jJina-bhavana
      • jJina-bimba
      • jJina-mātā
      • jJinacandra-sūri
      • jJinadatta
      • jJinaprabha
      • jJīva
      • jJñāna
      • jJñāna-āvaraṇīya-karma
      • jJñāna-āvarṇiya
      • jJñānsundar
      • jJyotiṣka
      • kKāla
      • kKālakācārya-kathā
      • kKālidāsa
      • kKalpa-sūtra
      • kKalpa-vṛkṣa
      • kKalyāṇaka
      • kKalyanvijay
      • kKamaṇḍalu
      • kKamaṭha
      • kKarma
      • kKarma-bhūmi
      • kKarma-grantha
      • kKarma-prakṛti
      • kKarma-vāda
      • kKarmon
      • kKarnataka
      • kKaṣāya
      • kKathā
      • kKāvya
      • kKāya
      • kKāyotsarga
      • kKeśa-loca
      • kKetu
      • kKevala-jñāna
      • kKevalin
      • kKhalji
      • kKharatara-gaccha
      • kKnowledge
      • kKriyā
      • kKriyā-vāda
      • kKṛṣṇa
      • kKṣamā-śramaṇa
      • kKṣapakaśreṇi
      • kKṣatriya
      • kKṣullaka
      • kKulakara
      • kKundakunda
      • kKunthu
      • lLabdhi
      • lLaity
      • lLakh
      • lLāñchana
      • lLands of Action
      • lLaukāntika
      • lLavaṇa-samudra
      • lLeśyā
      • lLiṅga
      • lLinguistics
      • lLoka
      • lLoka-ākāśa
      • lLoka-puruṣa
      • lLoka-vāda
      • lLotus
      • lLotus lake
      • mMadhya-loka
      • mMahā-videha
      • mMahā-vrata
      • mMahābhārata
      • mMahāmastakābhiṣeka
      • mMāhārāṣṭra
      • mMāhārāṣṭrī Prākrit
      • mMahattarā Yākinī
      • mMahāvīr Jayantī
      • mMahāvīra
      • mMakāra
      • mMakkhali Gośāla
      • mMalli
      • mMāna-stambha
      • mManaḥ-paryāya-jñāna
      • mMaṇḍala
      • mMaṇḍapa
      • mMandit
      • mMaṅgala
      • mMantra
      • mMantras
      • mManuṣya-loka
      • mMarāṭhī
      • mMārgaṇā
      • mMartyr
      • mMarudevī
      • mMaṭha
      • mMati-jñāna
      • mMauryaputra
      • mMecca
      • mMendicant lineage
      • mMetarya
      • mMiracle
      • mMithyādṛṣṭi
      • mMohandas Gandhi
      • mMohanīya-karma
      • mMokṣa
      • mMonastic order
      • mMonasticism
      • mMonk
      • mMonotheism
      • mMosque
      • mMount Meru
      • mMount Sammeta
      • mMṛgāvatī
      • mMughal
      • mMuhammad
      • mMuhammad bin Tughlaq
      • mMuhpattī
      • mMūla-sūtra
      • mMūlaguṇa
      • mMumbaī
      • mMuni
      • mMunisuvrata
      • mMurad Bakhsh
      • mMūrti-pūjaka
      • mMuslim
      • mMysticism
      • nNābhi
      • nNāga-kal
      • nNāgapurīya Tapā-gaccha
      • nNāgarī
      • nNāma-karma
      • nNamaskāra-mantra
      • nNami
      • nNandīśvara-dvīpa
      • nNandivardhana
      • nNandyāvarta
      • nNāraka
      • nNāraki
      • nNasalisation
      • nNātha
      • nNavrātrī
      • nNaya-vāda
      • nNemi
      • nNidāna
      • nniggaṃthāṇa vā 2
      • nniggaṃtho vā 2
      • nNigoda
      • nNihnava
      • nNikṣepa
      • nNirgrantha
      • nNirjarā
      • nNirvāṇa
      • nNiryukti
      • nNiṣidhi
      • nNitya
      • nNiyati
      • nNo-kaṣāya
      • nNudity
      • nNun
      • oOcean of milk
      • oOmniscience
      • oOrdination
      • ppa°
      • pPadmaprabha
      • pPadmāsana
      • pPadmāvatī
      • pPādukā
      • pPalanquin
      • pPalette
      • pPañca-muṣṭi
      • pPāṇḍava
      • pPaṇḍit
      • pPandit Dalsukh D. Malvania
      • pPandit Sukhlalji
      • pPāṇipātra
      • pPāpa
      • pParamātman
      • pParameṣṭhin
      • pPāraṇā
      • pParigraha
      • pPariṇāma
      • pParīṣaha
      • pParokṣa
      • pPārśva
      • pPārśvanātha
      • pParyāya
      • pParyuṣaṇ
      • pPaṭa
      • pPatan
      • pPātra
      • pPenance
      • pPersian
      • pPhala
      • pPhilology
      • pPicchikā
      • pPilgrimage
      • pPīr
      • pPolymath
      • pPoṣadha
      • pPossession
      • pPothī
      • pPrabhas
      • pPradakṣiṇā
      • pPradeśa
      • pPrākāra
      • pPrakīrṇaka-sūtra
      • pPrākrit
      • pPramāda
      • pPramukhā
      • pPrati-vāsudeva
      • pPratikramaṇa
      • pPratimā
      • pPratiṣṭhā
      • pPratyākhyāna
      • pPratyakṣa
      • pPravacana
      • pPrāyaścitta
      • pPrayer
      • pPre-modern
      • pPreach
      • pPredestination
      • pProtestant
      • pProvenance
      • pPudgala
      • pPūjā
      • pPujārī
      • pPukharavara-dvīpa
      • pPuṇya
      • pPūrva
      • pPuṣkara-dvīpa
      • pPuṣpadanta
      • pPyre
      • qQur’an
      • rRāga
      • rRāhu
      • rRainy season
      • rRajasthan
      • rRajasthani
      • rRājimatī
      • rRajoharaṇa
      • rRajput
      • rRāma
      • rRāmāyaṇa
      • rRangoli
      • rRās-garbā
      • rRasa
      • rRathanemi
      • rRatna-traya
      • rRātri-bhojana
      • rRaudra-dhyāna
      • rRecto
      • rRelic
      • rRenunciation
      • rRetroflex
      • rRevatī
      • %Ṛg-veda
      • rRite
      • rRosary
      • %Ṛṣabha
      • %Ṛṣabhanātha
      • rRupee
      • sSaciyā Mātā
      • sSādhu
      • sSādhvī
      • sSāgāra
      • sSaint
      • sŚaivaism
      • sŚaka-saṃvat
      • sSallekhanā
      • sŚalya
      • sSamacatuṣṭha
      • sSamādhimaraṇa
      • sSamaṇi
      • sSāmarambha
      • sSamavasaraṇa
      • sSāmāyika
      • sSaṃbhava
      • sSamiti
      • sSaṃjñā
      • sSaṃkalpaja
      • sSaṃsāra
      • sSamudghāta
      • sSaṃvara
      • sSaṃvega
      • sSamyak-cāritra
      • sSamyak-darśana
      • sSamyak-jñāna
      • sSamyaktva
      • sSaṃyama
      • sSanctuary
      • sSandalwood
      • sSaṇgha
      • sSanskrit
      • sSant
      • sŚānti
      • sSapta-bhaṅgi-naya
      • sSārambha
      • sSarasvatī
      • sSarvajña
      • sSāsan-devi
      • sŚāsana-devatā
      • sŚāstra
      • %Ṣaṭ-jīvanikāya
      • sSatī
      • sSatīmātā
      • sSatya
      • sSchism
      • sScribe
      • sScripture
      • sSect
      • sSecularism
      • sŚenāī
      • sSermon
      • sŚeṣavatī
      • sSevā
      • sSeven fields of donation
      • sShah Jahan
      • sShantidas Jhaveri
      • sShrine
      • sSiddha
      • sSiddha-śilā
      • sSiddhacakra or Navadevatā
      • sSiddhānta
      • sSiddhārtha
      • sSiddhi
      • sSikh
      • sSikhism
      • sŚikṣā-vrata
      • sŚīla
      • sSin
      • sSindh
      • sŚītala
      • sŚiva
      • sSkandha
      • sSomanatha
      • sŚraddhā
      • sŚramaṇa
      • sŚrāvaka
      • sŚrāvakācāra
      • sŚrāvikā
      • sŚreyāṃsa
      • sŚrī
      • sŚrīvatsa
      • sŚruta-jñāna
      • sŚruta-pañcamī
      • sSthānaka-vāsin
      • sSthāpanācārya
      • sSthāvara
      • sSthavira
      • sSthiti
      • sStrīmukti
      • sStūpa
      • sSubcontinent
      • sSudarshana
      • sŚuddhi
      • sSudharma
      • sŚūdra
      • sSufism
      • sSukha
      • sŚukla-dhyāna
      • sSulasā
      • sSultan
      • sSumati
      • sSundarśrī
      • sSupārśva
      • sSūri
      • sSuṣamā
      • sSuṣamā-duṣamā
      • sSuṣamā-suṣamā
      • sSūtra
      • sSuyam me ausam! Tenam bhagavaya evamakkhayam
      • sSvādhyāya
      • sSvāhā
      • sSvastika
      • sŚvetāmbara
      • sŚvetāmbara Terāpanthin
      • sŚvetāmbaras
      • sSwan
      • sSyād-vāda
      • tTabla
      • tTantra
      • tTapā-gaccha
      • tTapas
      • tTāraṇ Svāmī Panth
      • tTattva
      • tTattvārtha-sūtra
      • tTemple
      • tTemple-city
      • tThe Enlightenment
      • tTheology
      • tThree worlds
      • %Ṭīkā
      • tTilaka
      • tTīrtha
      • tTīrthaṃkaranāma-karman
      • tTīrthankara
      • tTransliteration
      • tTrasa
      • tTrasa-nāḍī
      • tTriśalā
      • tTriṣaṣṭi-śalākā-puruṣa-caritra
      • tTti bemi
      • tTughlaq
      • tTunk
      • uUdumbara
      • uUniversal History
      • uUpādhyāya
      • uUpāṅga
      • uUpaniṣads
      • uUpāsaka
      • uUpasarga
      • uUpāśraya
      • uŪrdhva-loka
      • uUtsarpiṇī
      • uUttarādhyayana-sūtra
      • vVāhana
      • vVaimānika
      • vVairāgya
      • vVaiṣṇava
      • vVaiśramaṇa
      • vVaiśya
      • vValabhī
      • vVanaspatikāya
      • vVandana
      • vVaṇik
      • vVarṇa
      • vVāsudeva
      • vVāsupūjya
      • vVayubhūti
      • vVeda
      • vVedanīya-karma
      • vVegetarianism
      • vVehicle
      • vVernacular
      • vVerso
      • vVidyā
      • vVidyā-devī
      • vVihāra
      • vVijñapti-patra
      • vVikrama-saṃvat
      • vVikṛti
      • vVimala
      • vVinaya
      • vVipāka
      • vVirji Vora
      • vVirodhaja
      • vVīrya
      • vVisarga
      • vViṣṇu
      • vVītarāga
      • vVizier
      • vVotive
      • vVow
      • vVrata
      • vVS
      • vVyakta
      • vVyantara
      • vVyasana
      • yYakṣa
      • yYakṣī
      • yYantra
      • yYaśoda
      • yYaśovijaya
      • yYati
      • yYātrā
      • yYoga
      • yYoginī
      • yYojana
      Related Article
      • What is a Jain manuscript?
      • How to read a Jain manuscript
      • A to Z Index
      • Sitemap
      • Pronunciation
      • Accessibility
      • Privacy
      • Copyright
      • Cookie Policy
      Copyright © 2009 - 2025 The Institute of Jainology |
      • Home
      • Themes
      • Manuscripts
      • Gallery
      • Timeline
      • e-Library
      • Resources
      • About
      • Support Us
      • The JAIN UNIVERSE ONLINE
      Open toolbar

      Accessibility

      • Increase Text Size
      • Decrease Text Size
      • High Contrast
      • Negative Contrast
      • Light Background
      • Links Underline
      • Reset
      • Sitemap
      • Help